1. ZESPÓŁ MLECZNO-ALKALICZNY (ang. MILK-ALKALI SYNDROME) - POSTACIE CHOROBY, OBRAZ KLINICZNY
Dotychczas opisano kilka postaci klinicznych zespołu mleczno-alkalicznego: ostrą, podostrą oraz przewlekłą. Przewlekła postać zespołu mleczno-alkalicznego nosi nazwę zespołu Burnetta. Wszystkie cechują się występowaniem hiperkalcemii, zasadowicy (alkalozy) oraz niewydolności nerek. Zespół Burnetta związany jest z nieodwracalnym uszkodzeniem funkcji nerek, natomiast zespoły o ostrym przebiegu mają odwracalny charakter jeśli tylko dojdzie do zaprzestania spożywania przez pacjenta nadmiernych ilości wapnia i wchłanialnych związków alkalicznych.
2. ZESPÓŁ MLECZNO-ALKALICZNY (ang. MILK-ALKALI SYNDROME) - PATOGENEZA
Istotną rolę w patogenezie zespołu mleczno-alkalicznego odgrywa osobnicza wrażliwość - część chorych leczonych węglanem wapnia i środkami alkalicznymi nigdy nie rozwija objawów chorobowych. Jedną z cech zmiennych osobniczo jest procentowe wchłanianie wapnia w zależności od jego spożycia. Cześć osób wchłania znaczny odsetek wapnia, nawet przy tak wysokim jego spożyciu jak ponad 2 g wapnia elementarnego na dobę (zamiast zmniejszać jego wchłanianie wraz z jego wysokimi dawkami - jak to ma miejsce u większości osób). Przyjmuje się, że występująca u tych pacjentów łagodna poposiłkowa hiperkalcemia prowadzi do zwiększenia wydalania sodu i pewnego stopnia odwodnienia. Wspomniane zjawiska (wraz ze stłumieniem wydzielania endogennego parathormonu (PTH) wywołane łagodną hiperkalcemią) prowadzą do zwiększenia resorpcji dwuwęglanów i w przypadku kontynuacji spożywania węglanu wapnia do rozwoju zasadowicy. Sama zasadowica wzmaga w sposób wybiórczy resorpcję wapnia w dystalnym odcinku nefronu, nasilając tym samym hiperkalcemię. Opisany powyżej cykl utrwala i nasila hiperkalcemię i zasadowice tak długo, dopóki pacjent spożywa wapń i wchłanialne związki alkaliczne.
TAGI: Milk-alkali syndrome (ang. Milk-alkali syndrome) is a condition caused by excessive intake of easily absorbable calcium and antacids (hydrochloric acid) - eg. Milk, calcium carbonate. The team is much rarer since the introduction of the treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal non-absorbable antacids and other therapeutic methods. However, the increasing use in the treatment of osteoporosis, the calcium carbonate leads to an increased incidence of this syndrome. 1. milky TEAM Alkaline (ang. MILK-ALKALI SYNDROME) - forms of the disease, Clinical findings have been described several clinical forms milky-alkali syndrome: acute, subacute and chronic. Chronic form milky-alkali syndrome is called Burnett team. All are characterized by the occurrence of hypercalcemia, alkalosis (alkalosis), and renal failure. Burnett syndrome is associated with irreversible damage kidney function, and acute units are reversible if you just happen to stop by the patient consuming excessive amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. 2. TEAM milky-Alkaline (ang. MILK-ALKALI SYNDROME) - Pathogenesis important role in the pathogenesis of milk-alkali syndrome plays an Individual sensitivity - some patients treated with calcium carbonate and alkaline agents never develop symptoms. One feature variable between individuals is a percentage absorption of calcium, depending on its consumption. Some people absorbs a significant proportion of the calcium even at as high as the consuming than 2 g elemental calcium daily (instead of decreasing absorption with the high dose - as is the case for most people). It is understood that in these patients a mild postprandial hypercalcemia leads to increased excretion of sodium and a certain degree of dehydration. These phenomena (including the suppression of endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) caused mild hypercalcemia) lead to increased resorption of bicarbonate and if you continue consuming calcium carbonate to the development of alkalosis. Sam alkalosis selectively enhances calcium reabsorption in the distal nephron, thereby exacerbating hypercalcemia. The above-described cycle perpetuates and intensifies hypercalcemia and alkalosis, as long as the patient eats absorbable calcium and alkaline compounds. CATEGORY: ENDOCRINOLOGICAL, Internal Medicine, GASTROENTEROLOGY, NUTRITION, metabolic diseases (. آنج-الحليب القلوي متلازمة) الحليب القلوي متلازمة هو حالة الناجمة عن الإفراط في تناول امتصاص الكالسيوم بسهولة ومضادات الحموضة (حمض الهيدروكلوريك) - مثل الحليب، وكربونات الكالسيوم. الفريق هو من النادر جدا منذ إدخال علاج قرحة المعدة والحموضة غير قابل للامتصاص الاثني عشر وأساليب علاجية أخرى. ومع ذلك، فإن الاستخدام المتزايد في علاج هشاشة العظام، وكربونات الكالسيوم يؤدي إلى زيادة في حدوث هذه المتلازمة. 1. حليبي TEAM القلوية (. آنج الحليب القلوي SYNDROME) - أشكال المرض، وقد وصفت النتائج السريرية عدة أشكال سريرية متلازمة حليبي والقلويات: حاد، دون الحاد والمزمن. ويسمى متلازمة حليبي القلوي شكل مزمن فريق بورنيت. وتتميز كل من حدوث فرط كالسيوم الدم، قلاء (قلوية)، والفشل الكلوي. ويرتبط متلازمة بورنيت مع وظيفة لا رجعة فيها تلف الكلى، ووحدات الحادة وعكسها إذا كنت يحدث لمجرد أن تتوقف من قبل المريض تستهلك كميات كبيرة من الكالسيوم والقلوية للامتصاص. 2. TEAM حليبي-القلوية (آنج الحليب القلوي SYNDROME) - دورا هاما إمراض في التسبب في متلازمة الحليب القلوي يلعب حساسية فردية - بعض المرضى الذين عولجوا مع كربونات الكالسيوم وكلاء القلوية أبدا تتطور لديهم أعراض. واحد متغير ميزة بين الأفراد هو امتصاص نسبة من الكالسيوم، وهذا يتوقف على استهلاكها. بعض الناس يمتص نسبة كبيرة من الكالسيوم حتى في عالية مثل المستهلكة من 2 ز عنصري الكالسيوم يوميا (بدلا من خفض امتصاص مع جرعة عالية - كما هو الحال بالنسبة لمعظم الناس). ومن المعلوم أن في هؤلاء المرضى فرط كالسيوم الدم بعد الأكل الخفيف يؤدي إلى زيادة إفراز الصوديوم ودرجة معينة من الجفاف. (تسببت بما في ذلك قمع الذاتية هرمون الغدة الدرقية (PTH) خفيف فرط كالسيوم الدم) هذه الظواهر تؤدي إلى زيادة ارتشاف من بيكربونات، وإذا كنت لا تزال تستهلك كربونات الكالسيوم في تطوير قلوية. سام قلاء يعزز بشكل انتقائي استيعاب الكالسيوم في كليون البعيدة، مما أدى إلى تفاقم فرط كالسيوم الدم. دورة المذكورة أعلاه تديم واشتداد فرط كالسيوم الدم وقلاء، طالما أن المريض يأكل امتصاص الكالسيوم ومركبات قلوية. الفئة: الغدد الصماء، الطب الباطني، أمراض الجهاز الهضمي والتغذية، والأمراض الاستقلابية (. Анг Малако-шчолачны сіндром) Малако-шчолачны сіндром з'яўляецца стан, выкліканае празмерным спажываннем лёгка засвойваць кальцыя і антацыды (саляная кіслата) - напрыклад, малака., Карбанат кальцыя. Каманда значна радзей, так як увядзеннем лячэння язвавай хваробы страўніка і дванаццаціперснай кішкі нерассасывающихся антацыдаў і іншых тэрапеўтычных метадаў. Тым не менш, шырокае выкарыстанне ў лячэнні астэапарозу, карбанат кальцыя прыводзіць да падвышанай захворвання гэтым сіндромам. 1. малочна КАМАНДА шчолачныя (. Анг МАЛАКО-шчолачны сіндром) - формы захворвання, клінічныя знаходкі былі апісаны некалькі клінічных формаў малочна-шчолачны сіндром: вострая, падвострая і хранічная. Хранічная форма малочна-шчолачны сіндром называецца Burnett каманду. Усе яны характарызуюцца узнікненнем гиперкальциемии, алкалоз (алкалоз), і нырачнай недастатковасці. Сіндром Бернет звязана з незваротным функцыі нырак шкоду, і вострыя адзінкі з'яўляюцца зварачальным, калі вы проста выпадкова спыніць пацыента, якое спажывае залішняя колькасць кальцыя і рассмоктваюцца шчолачы. 2. КАМАНДА малочна-шчолачны (анг МАЛАКО-шчолачны сіндром.) - Патагенез важную ролю ў патагенезе малака-шчолачнай сіндрому гуляе індывідуальная адчувальнасць - некаторых пацыентаў з карбанатам кальцыя і шчолачных агентаў ніколі не развіваюцца сімптомы. Адна пераменная функцыя паміж індывідамі з'яўляецца адсоткам абсорбцыі кальцыя, у залежнасці ад яго спажывання. Некаторыя людзі паглынае значную долю кальцыя нават пры гэтак жа высока, як, спажывальных больш за 2 г элементарнага кальцыя ў дзень (замест памяншэння паглынання з высокай дозай - як месца для большасці людзей). Зразумела, што ў гэтых пацыентаў пасля прыёму ежы лёгкай гиперкальциемии прыводзіць да павелічэння экскрэцыі натрыю і ў некаторай ступені абязводжвання. Гэтыя з'явы (у тым ліку падаўленне эндагеннага гармону парашчытападобных (РТН) выклікала умеранае гиперкальциемия) прыводзяць да павелічэння рэзорбцыі бікарбанату і калі вы працягваеце шмат карбанату кальцыя ў развіццё алкалоз. Сэм алкалоз выбарча ўзмацняе реабсорбцыю кальцыя ў дыстальных нефрона, тым самым пагаршаючы гиперкальциемии. Вышэйапісаны цыкл замацоўвае і ўзмацняе гиперкальциемию і алкалоз, да таго часу, пакуль пацыент з'ядае паглынае кальцый і шчолачныя злучэння. Раздзел: Эндакрыналагічны, Унутраная медыцына, гастроэнтерологія, харчаванне, хваробы абмену рэчываў (. Ang Milk-alkali sindromi) Qumësht-alkali sindromi është një gjendje e shkaktuar nga marrja e tepërt e kalciumit lehtë absorbable dhe antacids (acid klorhidrik.) - Për shembull qumështi, karbonat kalciumi. Ekipi është shumë më rrallë që nga futja e trajtimit të ulçerë stomakut dhe antacids jo absorbable duodenale dhe metoda të tjera terapeutike. Megjithatë, rritjen përdorim në trajtimin e osteoporozës, karbonat kalciumi çon në një rasteve rritjen e këtij sindromi. 1. qumështi EKIPI Alkaline (. Ang MILK-alkali Sindromi) - format e sëmundjes, gjetjet klinike janë përshkruar disa forma klinike të sindromës qumështi-alkali: akute, Subacute dhe kronike. Sindromi qumështi-alkali formë kronike quhet ekip Burnett. Të gjithë janë të karakterizuar nga ndodhja e hiperkalcemia, alkalosis (alkalosis), dhe dështimi i veshkave. Sindromi Burnett është i lidhur me funksionin e pakthyeshme dëme të veshkave, dhe njësitë akute janë të kthyeshëm në qoftë se ju vetëm të ndodhë për të ndaluar nga të konsumojnë sasi të tepërta të kalciumit dhe alkali absorbable pacientit. 2. TEAM qumështi-Alkaline (Ang MILK-alkali Sindromi.) - Roli Patogjeneza rëndësishëm në patogjenezën e sindromës qumësht-alkali luan një ndjeshmëri individuale - disa pacientët e trajtuar me karbonat kalciumit dhe agjentët alkaline nuk zhvillojnë simptoma. Një variabël tipar mes individëve është një përqindje thithjen e kalciumit, në varësi të konsumit të saj. Disa njerëz thith një pjesë të konsiderueshme të kalciumit edhe në aq i lartë sa të ha se 2 g kalcium thelbësor në ditë (në vend të uljes thithjen me dozë të lartë - siç është rasti për shumicën e njerëzve). Është e kuptueshme që në këta pacientë një hiperkalcemia butë pas darkës çon në rritjen e sekretim të natriumit dhe një shkallë të caktuar të dehidrimit. Këto fenomene (duke përfshirë ndalimin e hormonit endogjen parathyroid (PTH) i shkaktuar hiperkalcemia butë) të çojë në rritjen e resorption e bikarbonat dhe në qoftë se ju vazhdoni konsumojnë karbonat kalciumi në zhvillimin e alkalosis. Sam alkalosis selektive rrit reabsorption e kalciumit në nephron skajor, duke rënduar hiperkalcemia. Cikli lart-përshkruar përjetëson dhe intensifikon hiperkalcemia dhe alkalosis, për aq kohë sa pacienti ha kalcium absorbable dhe komponimet alkaline. Kategoria: endokrinologjik, mjekësi të brendshme, Gastroenterologji, USHQIM, sëmundjet metabolike (. Ang mlijeko-alkalni sindrom) mlijeka-alkalni sindrom je stanje uzrokovano prekomjernog unosa lako apsorbiraju kalcijuma i antacidi (sona kiselina) -. Npr mlijeko, kalcijum karbonat. Tim je mnogo rjeđe od uvođenja tretmana čir na želucu i dvanaestopalačnom neresorptivnom antacidi i drugim terapijskim metodama. Međutim, sve više koriste u terapiji osteoporoze, kalcijum karbonata dovodi do povećane učestalost ovog sindroma. 1. mliječno TEAM alkalne (. Ang MILK-ALKALI sindrom) - oblika bolesti, klinički nalaz su opisali nekoliko kliničkih oblika mliječno-alkalni sindrom: akutna, subakutna i hronične. Hronični oblik mliječno-alkalni sindrom se zove Burnett tima. Svi se odlikuju pojave hiperkalcemije, alkaloze (alkaloze) i zatajenje bubrega. Burnett sindrom je povezan sa funkcijom nepopravljivo oštećenje bubrega, i akutne jedinice su reverzibilni ako se samo dogoditi da se zaustavi od strane pacijenta konzumiraju prekomjerne količine kalcija i apsorbovati lužine. 2. Team Milky-alkalne (ang MILK-ALKALI sindroma.) - Patogeneza važnu ulogu u patogenezi sindroma mlijeka-alkalni igra Pojedinačna osjetljivosti - neki pacijenti tretirani kalcijum karbonata i alkalnih agenti nikad ne razvije simptome. Jedna od karakteristika varijabla između pojedinaca je postotak apsorpcije kalcija, u zavisnosti od potrošnje. Neki ljudi apsorbuje značajan udio u kalcijuma čak i kao visok kao konzumiranje od 2 g elementarnog kalcija dnevno (umjesto smanjenja apsorpcije sa visokim dozama - kao što je slučaj za većinu ljudi). Podrazumijeva se da se u ovih bolesnika blagim postprandijalne hiperkalcijemijom dovodi do povećanja izlučivanja natrija i određeni stupanj dehidracije. Ove pojave (uključujući i suzbijanje endogenih paratiroidnog hormona (PTH) izazvao blage hiperkalcijemijom) dovode do povećane resorpcije bikarbonata i ako nastavite oduzima kalcij karbonata razvoju alkaloze. Sam alkaloze selektivno povećava resorpciju kalcija u distalnom nefron, na taj način pogoršavajući hiperkalcijemijom. Gore opisani ciklusa održava i pojačava hiperkalcemije i alkaloze, dok pacijent jede apsorbiraju kalcij i alkalnih spojeva. KATEGORIJA: ENDOKRINOLOŠKA, interne medicine, GASTROENTEROLOGIJA, ishrana, bolesti metabolizma (. Ang мляко-алкален синдром) Мляко-алкален синдром е състояние, причинено от прекомерен прием на калций и лесно усвоима антиациди (солна киселина) -. Например мляко, калциев карбонат. Екипът е много по-рядко, тъй като въвеждането на лечение на язва на стомаха и дванадесетопръстника неабсорбируеми антиациди и други терапевтични методи. Въпреки това, нарастващото използване при лечението на остеопороза, калциев карбонат води до повишена честота на този синдром. 1. млечно TEAM Alkaline (. Анг МЛЯКО-алкалното синдром) - форми на заболяването, клинични констатации са описани няколко клинични форми млечно-алкален синдром: остра, подостра и хронична. Хроничната форма млечно-алкален синдром се нарича отбор Burnett. Всичко се характеризира с появата на хиперкалцемия, алкалоза (алкалоза) и бъбречна недостатъчност. Синдром на Бърнет е свързано с необратимо увреждане на бъбречната функция и остра единици са обратими, ако просто се случи да спре от консумиращи големи количества калций и резорбируеми алкален пациента. 2. TEAM млечно-Alkaline (Анг МЛЯКО-алкалното синдром.) - Pathogenesis важна роля в патогенезата на синдрома на млякото-алкален играе индивидуална чувствителност - някои пациенти, лекувани с калциев карбонат и алкални агенти никога не развиват симптоми. Една характеристика променлива между индивидите е процент усвояване на калция, в зависимост от неговата консумация. Някои хора поглъща значителна част от калция дори и при по-висока от време, отколкото 2гр елементарен калций дневно (вместо да намалява абсорбцията с висока доза - какъвто е случаят за повечето хора). Разбираемо е, че при тези пациенти мек постпрандиалната хиперкалцемия води до повишаване на отделянето на натрий и известна степен на обезводняване. Тези явления (включително потискане на ендогенната паратиреоиден хормон (PTH) причиняват леки хиперкалцемия) доведе до повишена резорбция на бикарбонат и ако продължите отнема калциев карбонат за развитието на алкалоза. Сам алкалоза селективно повишава реабсорбция на калция в дисталния нефрон, като по този начин изостря хиперкалциемия. Описаната по-горе цикъл подхранва и засилва хиперкалцемия и алкалоза, докато пациентът се храни резорбируеми калций и алкални съединения. Категория: ендокринологични, вътрешни болести, гастроентерология хранене, метаболитни заболявания (ANG rǔ jiǎn zònghé zhēng) rǔ jiǎn zònghé zhēng shì yóu jìn qì róngyì xīshōu gài hé kàng suān yào (yánsuān) de guòdù de tiáojiàn - lìrú niúnǎi, tànsuān gài. Gāi tuánduì zì tuīchū wèi kuìyáng hé shí'èr zhǐ cháng kuìyáng fēi xīshōu xìng kàng suān jì hé qítā zhìliáo fāngfǎ de zhìliáo fēicháng hǎnjiàn. Rán'ér, zài gǔ zhí shūsōng zhèng de zhìliáo zhōngyuè lái yuè duō dì shǐyòng, tànsuān gài dǎozhì zhè zhǒng zònghé zhēng de fǎ shēng lǜ zēngjiā. 1. Rǔbáisè TEAM jiǎn xìng (ANG nǎi jiǎn zònghé zhēng) - běn bìng de xíngshì, línchuáng yánjiū jiéguǒ yǐjīng jièshào de jǐ zhǒng línchuáng lèixíng rǔbáisè jiǎn zònghé zhēng: Jíxìng, yà jíxìng hé mànxìng liǎng zhǒng. Mànxìng xíng rǔbáisè jiǎn zònghé zhēng bèi chēng wèi bó nèi tè duì. Suǒyǒu de tèzhēng zàiyú gāo gài xiě zhèng, jiǎn (jiǎn zhòngdú), hé shèn gōngnéng shuāijié de fǎ shēng. Bó nèi tè zònghé zhēng yǔ bùkěnì de sǔnhài shèn gōngnéng yǒuguān, hé jíxìng dānwèi shì kěnì de, rúguǒ nǐ zhǐshì pèngqiǎo lùguò de bìngrén shíyòng gài hé jiǎn xīshōu guòliàng de. 2. Tuánduì rǔbáisè jiǎn xìng (ANG rǔ jiǎn zònghé zhēng.) - Rǔ jiǎn zònghé zhēng de fǎ bìng fābìng de zhòngyào zuòyòng qǐzhe gèbié mǐngǎn zhě - yǒuxiē huànzhě tànsuān gài hé jiǎn jì cónglái méiyǒu chūxiàn zhèngzhuàng zhìliáo. Gètǐ zhī jiān de yīgè tèzhēng biànliàng shì gài de bǎifēnbǐ de xīshōu, zhè qǔjué yú tā de xiāohào. Yǒuxiē rén xīshōu de gài, jíshǐ zài rìcháng gāo xiāofèi de chāoguò 2 kè gài yuánsù yīgè xiǎnzhù de bǐlì (ér bùshì yòng gāo jìliàng jiǎnshǎo xīshōu - zhè shì dà duōshù rén de qíngkuàng xià). Jù liǎojiě, zài zhèxiē huànzhě zhōng yǒu qīng dù cān hòu gāo gài xiě zhèng dǎozhì nà de zēngjiā páixiè hé yīdìng chéngdù de tuōshuǐ. Zhèxiē xiànxiàng (bāokuò nèi yuán xìng jiǎzhuàng páng xiàn jīsù (PTH) de yìzhì yǐnqǐ de qīng gāo gài xiě zhèng) dǎozhì de tànsuān qīng yán de zēngjiā xīshōu hé rúguǒ jìxù xiāohào tànsuān jiǎn zhòngdú dí fāzhǎn gài. Shānmǔ xìng jiǎn zhòngdú xuǎnzé xìng dì tígāo gài de zhòng xīshōu yuǎn duān shèn dānwèi, cóng'ér jiājù gāo gài xiě zhèng. Shàngshù zhōuqí yánxù jí jiājù gāo gài xiě zhèng hé jiǎn zhòngdú, zhǐyào bìngrén chī xīshōu gài hé jiǎn xìng huàhéwù. Lèibié: Nèifēnmì, nèikē, xiāohuà nèikē, yíngyǎng, dàixiè xìng jíbìng (. Ang Mlijeko-alkalni sindrom) Mlijeko-alkalni sindrom je stanje uzrokovano pretjeranim unosom lako apsorbira kalcij i antacidi (solne kiseline.) - Npr mlijeko, kalcij karbonata. Tim je puno rjeđe od uvođenja liječenje čira na želucu i duodenumu ne mogu apsorbirati antacida i drugim terapeutskim metodama. Međutim, sve veću uporabu u liječenju osteoporoze, kalcijev karbonat se dovodi do povećane učestalosti ovog sindroma. 1. mliječno TEAM Alkalna (. Ang MLIJEKO-alkalnih SINDROM) - oblici bolesti, klinički nalaz je opisano nekoliko kliničkih oblika mliječno alkalni sindrom: akutni, subakutni i kronični. Kronični oblik mliječno-alkalni sindrom zove Burnett tim. Sve su karakterizirana pojavom hiperkalcemije, alkalosis (alkalosis), te zatajenje bubrega. Burnett sindrom je povezan s nepovratnom funkciji oštećenja bubrega i akutni jedinice su reverzibilne ako se samo dogoditi da se zaustavi po pacijenta konzumiranje prekomjerne količine kalcija i apsorbira lužine. 2. TIM mliječno-alkalne (ang MLIJEKO-alkalnih SINDROM.) - Patogeneza važnu ulogu u patogenezi mlijeka-alkalni sindrom igra pojedinačnog osjetljivost - nekih bolesnika liječenih kalcij karbonata i alkalnim sredstvima nikada razviti simptome. Jedna značajka varijabla između pojedinaca je postotak apsorpciju kalcija, ovisno o potrošnji. Neki ljudi upija značajan udio kalcija i kod kao visok kao konzumiranja od 2 g elementarnog kalcija dnevno (umjesto smanjuje apsorpciju s visokom dozom - kao što je slučaj za većinu ljudi). Razumljivo je da je u tih bolesnika blagi postprandijalna hiperkalcijemija dovodi do povećanog izlučivanja natrija i određeni stupanj dehidracije. Ove pojave (uključujući suzbijanje endogenog hormona paratiroidne (PTH) izazvao blage hypercalcemia) dovesti do povećane resorpcije bikarbonata i ako i dalje trajati kalcijev karbonat razvoju alkalosis. Sam alkaloza selektivno povećava reapsorpcija kalcija u distalnom nefrona, čime se pogoršava hiperkalcemiju. Gore opisani ciklus ponavlja i pojačava hiperkalcemije i alkalosis, sve dok pacijent jede apsorbabilnim kalcija i alkalne spojeve. Kategorija: endokrinološke, Interna medicina, gastroenterologije, prehrane, metaboličke bolesti (. Ang mléko a alkalických syndrom) mléko a louhu syndrom je stav způsobený nadměrného užívání snadno vstřebatelné vápníku a antacid (kyselina chlorovodíková), - např. Mléko, uhličitan vápenatý. Tým je mnohem vzácnější od zavedení při léčbě žaludečních vředů a duodenálních nevstřebatelných antacida a dalších terapeutických metod. Nicméně, rostoucí použití v léčbě osteoporózy, uhličitan vápenatý vede ke zvýšenému výskytu tohoto syndromu. 1. mléčná TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI syndrom) - formy nemoci, byly klinické nálezy byly popsány několik klinických forem mléčně alkalických syndrom akutní, subakutní a chronické. Chronická forma mléčně-alkalický syndrom je nazýván Burnett tým. Všechny jsou charakterizovány výskytem hyperkalcémie, alkalózy (alkalóza) a selhání ledvin. Burnett syndrom je spojen s nevratným funkcí poškození ledvin a akutní jednotky jsou vratné, pokud jste náhodou zastavit pacientem konzumovat nadměrné množství vápníku a vstřebatelné alkálií. 2. TEAM mléčně-Alkaline (MILK-ALKALI SYNDROM ang.) - Patogeneze důležitou roli v patogenezi mléka a alkalických syndromu hraje individuální citlivost - U některých pacientů léčených uhličitanem vápenatým a alkalických činidel nikdy se objeví příznaky. Jedním z rysů proměnná mezi jednotlivci je procentuální absorpci vápníku, v závislosti na jeho spotřebu. Někteří lidé absorbuje značnou část vápníku i při tak vysoké jako je konzumace než 2 g elementárního vápníku denně (místo snížení absorbce s vysokou dávkou - jako je tomu u většiny lidí). Má se za to, že u těchto pacientů mírnou postprandiální hyperkalcémie vede ke zvýšenému vylučování sodíku a určitého stupně dehydratace. Tyto jevy (včetně potlačení endogenního parathyroidního hormonu (PTH) způsobil mírné hyperkalcémii) vedou ke zvýšené resorpci hydrogenuhličitanu a pokud pokračovat náročné uhličitan vápenatý k rozvoji alkalózy. Sam alkalóza selektivně zvyšuje reabsorpci kalcia v distálním nefronu, čímž se zhorší hyperkalcemii. Výše popsaný cyklus zachovává a zintenzivňuje hyperkalcemii a alkalózu, tak dlouho, dokud pacient sní vstřebatelný vápník a alkalické sloučeniny. Kategorie: endokrinologické, Vnitřní lékařství, gastroenterologie, výživa, metabolická onemocnění . Ang Milk-alkali syndrom) mælk-alkali syndrom er en tilstand forårsaget af overdreven indtagelse af let absorberbar calcium og antacida (saltsyre) -. F.eks Mælk, calciumcarbonat. Holdet er meget sjældnere siden indførelsen af behandling af mavesår og duodenale ikke-absorberbare antacida og andre terapeutiske metoder. Men den stigende anvendelse i behandlingen af osteoporose, calciumcarbonat fører til en øget forekomst af dette syndrom. 1. mælkeagtig TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI syndrom) - former af sygdommen, har kliniske fund blevet beskrevet adskillige kliniske former mælkeagtig-alkali syndrom: akut, subakut og kronisk. Kroniske form mælkeagtig-alkali syndrom kaldes Burnett team. Alle er karakteriseret ved forekomsten af hypercalcæmi, alkalose (alkalose), og nyresvigt. Burnett syndrom er forbundet med uoprettelige skader nyrefunktion, og akutte enheder er reversible, hvis du bare tilfældigvis stoppe af patienten forbrugende store mængder af calcium og absorberbare alkali. 2. TEAM mælket-Alkaline (ang MILK-ALKALI syndrom.) - Patogenese vigtig rolle i patogenesen af mælk-alkali syndrom spiller en individuel følsomhed - nogle patienter behandlet med calciumcarbonat og alkaliske midler aldrig udvikler symptomer. Et træk variabel mellem individer er en procentdel absorption af calcium, afhængig af dets forbrug. Nogle mennesker absorberer en betydelig del af calcium, selv ved så høj som den forbrugende end 2 g elementært calcium dagligt (i stedet for at nedsætte absorptionen med den høje dosis - som det er tilfældet for de fleste mennesker). Det forstås, at hos disse patienter en mild postprandial hypercalcæmi fører til øget udskillelse af natrium og en vis grad af dehydrering. Disse fænomener (herunder undertrykkelse af endogene parathyreoideahormon (PTH) forårsagede mild hypercalcæmi) føre til øget resorption af bikarbonat, og hvis du fortsætter med at forbruge calciumcarbonat til udviklingen af alkalose. Sam alkalose selektivt øger calcium reabsorption i distale nephron derved forværrer hypercalcæmi. Den ovenfor beskrevne cyklus fastholder og intensiverer hypercalcæmi og alkalose, så længe patienten spiser absorberbar calcium og alkaliske forbindelser. Kategori: endokrinologiske, Intern medicin, gastroenterologi, ernæring, metaboliske sygdomme Milk-leelise sündroomi (ang. Milk-leelise sündroom) on põhjustatud seisundi liigtarbimist kergesti omastatavad kaltsiumi ja antatsiidid (soolhape) - nt. Piim, kaltsiumkarbonaat. Meeskond on palju haruldasem kasutuselevõtust saadik mao- ja kaksteistsõrmiksoole mitteimenduvaid antatsiidide või teiste ravimeetodeid. Kuid suurendades kasutamiseks osteoporoosi raviks, kaltsiumkarbonaat viib suurenenud selle sündroomi esinemissagedust. 1. piimjas TEAM Alkaline (ang. MILK-ALKALI sündroom) - vormid haigus, kliinilised leiud on kirjeldatud mitmetes kliinilistes vormides piimjas-leelise sündroomi: Ägeda, alaägeda ja kroonilise. Krooniline vorm piimjas-leelise sündroomi nimetatakse Burnett meeskond. Kõik iseloomustab esinemise hüperkaltseemia, alkaloosi (alkaloosi) ja neerupuudulikkus. Burnett sündroom on seotud pöördumatuid kahjustusi neerufunktsiooni ja äge üksused on pöörduv, kui sa lihtsalt juhtuda, et peatada patsient tarbib liiga palju kaltsiumi ja imenduvad leelise. 2. TEAM piimjas-leeliseline (ang. MILK-ALKALI sündroom) - Pathogenesis oluline roll patogeneesis piima-leelise sündroomi mängib individuaalsest tundlikkusest - mõnedel patsientidel, keda raviti kaltsiumkarbonaat ja aluseliste toimeainetega kunagi tekivad. Üks omadus muutuva indiviidide vahel on protsent kaltsiumi imendumist, sõltuvalt selle tarbimist. Mõned inimesed neelab märkimisväärse osa kaltsiumi isegi nii kõrge kui tarbivad üle 2 g kaltsiumi päevas (langemise asemel imendumist suure annuse - nagu see on enamiku inimeste jaoks). On arusaadav, et nendel patsientidel Kerge postprandiaalse hüperkaltseemia suurendab naatriumi eritumist ja teatav dehüdratsiooni. Need nähtused (sh allasurumine endogeense parathormooni (PTH) tekitas kerget hüperkaltseemia) suurendab resorptsiooni lahuse ja kui te jätkate tarbivad kaltsiumkarbonaat arengule alkaloosi. Sam alkaloosi valikuliselt suurendab kaltsiumi tagasiimendumist distaalses nefroni suurendaks nii hüperkaltseemia. Ülalkirjeldatud tsükli kinnistab ja intensiivistub hüperkaltseemia ja alkaloosi, niikaua patsiendi sööb imenduvad kaltsiumi ja leelisühendid. KATEGOORIA: endokrinoloogilised, Internal Medicine, gastroenteroloogia, toitumine, ainevahetushaigused Milk-oireyhtymän (ang. Milk-alkali -oireyhtymä) on edellytys aiheuttama liiallinen saanti helposti imeytyviä kalsiumia ja antasidien (suolahappoa) - esim. Maito, kalsiumkarbonaattia. Joukkue on paljon harvinaisempaa käyttöönoton jälkeen mahahaavahoidon ja pohjukaissuolihaavan imeytymättömät antasidien ja muiden hoitomuotojen. Kuitenkin, lisääntyvä käyttö osteoporoosin hoidossa, kalsiumkarbonaatti aiheuttaa lisääntynyttä tämän oireyhtymän esiintymistiheyttä. 1. maitomaista TEAM alkaliparisto (ang. MILK-oireyhtymän) - tautimuodoille, Clinical päätelmiä on kuvattu useissa kliinisissä muodoissa milky-alkali -oireyhtymä: akuutti, subakuutti ja krooninen. Krooninen muoto milky-oireyhtymän kutsutaan Burnett joukkue. Kaikki on tunnusomaista esiintyminen hyperkalsemian, alkaloosi (alkaloosi), ja munuaisten vajaatoiminta. Burnett oireyhtymä liittyy peruuttamattomia vaurioita munuaisten toiminta, ja akuutti yksiköt ovat palautuvia, jos vain sattuu pysähtyä potilas kuluttaa liikaa kalsiumia ja imeytyviä emästä. 2. TEAM milky-alkaliparisto (ang. MILK-oireyhtymän) - Patogeneesi tärkeä rooli patogeneesissä maidon-oireyhtymän näyttelee Yksilöllinen herkkyys - joillakin potilailla kalsiumkarbonaattia ja emäksisiä aineita ei koskaan oireita. Yksi piirre vaihtelevan yksilöiden välillä on tietty prosenttiosuus kalsiumin imeytymistä, riippuen sen kulutusta. Jotkut ihmiset imee huomattavan osan kalsiumin jopa peräti vievää kuin 2 g kalsiumia vuorokaudessa (sijaan pienenee imeytymisen suuri annos - kuten on laita useimmille). On selvää, että näillä potilailla lievä aterianjälkeinen hyperkalsemia johtaa lisääntyneeseen natriumin eritykseen ja tietynasteista nestehukka. Nämä ilmiöt (kuten tukahduttaminen endogeenisen lisäkilpirauhashormonin (PTH) aiheutti lievää hyperkalsemia) johtaa lisääntynyt resorption bikarbonaatin ja jos jatkat vievää kalsiumkarbonaattia kehittämiseen alkaloosi. Sam alkaloosi valikoivasti edistää kalsiumin takaisinimeytymistä distaalisessa nephron, mikä pahentaa hyperkalsemiaa. Edellä kuvattu sykli pitkittää ja tehostaa hyperkalsemiaa ja alkaloosi, niin kauan kuin potilas syö absorboituvia kalsium- ja alkalisen yhdisteitä. LUOKKA: endokrinologisten, sisätautien, gastroenterologian, ravinto, aineenvaihdunnan sairaudet (. Ang lait-alcali syndrome) alcali du lait syndrome est une affection causée par la consommation excessive de calcium facilement absorbable et les antiacides (acide chlorhydrique) -. Par exemple le lait, le carbonate de calcium. L'équipe est beaucoup plus rare depuis l'introduction du traitement de l'ulcère gastrique et les antiacides non résorbables duodénaux et d'autres méthodes thérapeutiques. Cependant, l'utilisation croissante dans le traitement de l'ostéoporose, le carbonate de calcium conduit à une augmentation de l'incidence de ce syndrome. 1. laiteuse ÉQUIPE alcaline (. Ang alcali du lait SYNDROME) - formes de la maladie, les résultats cliniques ont été décrits plusieurs formes cliniques du syndrome laiteuse-alcali: aiguë, subaiguë et chronique. Syndrome de laiteux alcalin forme chronique est appelée équipe Burnett. Tous sont caractérisés par l'apparition d'une hypercalcémie, alcalose (alcalose) et une insuffisance rénale. Syndrome de Burnett est associée à la fonction irréversible des dommages aux reins, et les unités aigus sont réversibles si vous venez tout juste d'arrêter par le patient de consommer des quantités excessives de calcium et alcalin absorbable. 2. ÉQUIPE laiteux alcaline (ang alcali du lait SYNDROME.) - Pathogenesis rôle important dans la pathogenèse de syndrome des buveurs de lait joue une sensibilité individuelle - certains patients traités par le carbonate de calcium et des agents alcalins jamais développer de symptômes. Une variable de caractéristique entre les individus est une absorption en pourcentage de calcium, en fonction de sa consommation. Certaines personnes absorbe une proportion importante de calcium, même à la hauteur de la consommant que 2 g de calcium élémentaire par jour (au lieu de diminuer l'absorption de la dose élevée - comme cela est le cas pour la plupart des gens). Il est entendu que chez ces patients, une hypercalcémie postprandiale conduit à une légère augmentation de l'excrétion de sodium et un certain degré de déshydratation. Ces phénomènes (y compris la suppression de l'hormone parathyroïdienne endogène (PTH) ont causé une hypercalcémie modérée) conduisent à une augmentation de la résorption de bicarbonate et si vous continuez à consommer carbonate de calcium pour le développement de l'alcalose. Sam alcalose améliore sélectivement la réabsorption de calcium dans le néphron distal, exacerbant ainsi l'hypercalcémie. Le cycle décrit ci-dessus et perpétue intensifie l'hypercalcémie et une alcalose, aussi longtemps que le patient mange calcium résorbable et des composés alcalins. CATÉGORIE: endocrinologiques, médecine interne, gastro-entérologie, la nutrition, les maladies métaboliques . Ang Γάλα-αλκαλίων σύνδρομο) Γάλα-αλκαλίων σύνδρομο είναι μια κατάσταση που προκαλείται από την υπερβολική πρόσληψη εύκολα απορροφήσιμου ασβεστίου και τα αντιόξινα (υδροχλωρικό οξύ) -. Π.χ. γάλα, το ανθρακικό ασβέστιο. Η ομάδα είναι πολύ σπανιότερη από την εισαγωγή της θεραπείας του γαστρικού έλκους και του δωδεκαδακτύλου μη απορροφήσιμα αντιόξινα και άλλες θεραπευτικές μεθόδους. Ωστόσο, η αυξανόμενη χρήση στην θεραπεία της οστεοπόρωσης, το ανθρακικό ασβέστιο οδηγεί σε αυξημένη συχνότητα εμφάνισης του συνδρόμου αυτού. 1. γαλακτώδες TEAM αλκαλικό (. Ang ΓΑΛΑ-αλκαλίων σύνδρομο) - μορφές της νόσου, Κλινικά ευρήματα έχουν περιγραφεί διάφορες κλινικές μορφές του συνδρόμου γαλακτώδες-αλκαλίων: οξεία, υποξεία και χρόνια. Χρόνια μορφή γαλακτώδες-αλκαλίων σύνδρομο ονομάζεται ομάδα Burnett. Όλα χαρακτηρίζονται από την εμφάνιση υπερασβεστιαιμίας, αλκάλωσης (αλκάλωση), και νεφρική ανεπάρκεια. Το σύνδρομο Burnett σχετίζεται με μη αναστρέψιμες λειτουργία νεφρική βλάβη, και οξεία μονάδες είναι αναστρέψιμη αν απλώς τυχαίνει να σταματήσει από τον ασθενή που καταναλώνουν υπερβολικές ποσότητες ασβεστίου και απορροφήσιμο αλκαλίων. 2. ΟΜΑΔΑ γαλακτώδες-αλκαλικό (Ang ΓΑΛΑΚΤΟΣ-αλκαλίων ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΟ.) - Παθογένεια σημαντικό ρόλο στην παθογένεση του συνδρόμου αλκαλίων γάλα παίζει ευαισθησία του κάθε ατόμου - ορισμένους ασθενείς που έλαβαν θεραπεία με ανθρακικό ασβέστιο και αλκαλικά μέσα ποτέ δεν αναπτύσσουν συμπτώματα. Ένα μεταβλητό χαρακτηριστικό μεταξύ των ατόμων είναι ένα ποσοστό απορρόφηση του ασβεστίου, ανάλογα με την κατανάλωση του. Μερικοί άνθρωποι απορροφά ένα σημαντικό ποσοστό του ασβεστίου, ακόμη και σε τόσο υψηλές όσο το καταναλώνουν από 2 g στοιχειακού ασβεστίου την ημέρα (αντί της απορρόφησης μειώνεται με την υψηλή δόση - όπως είναι η περίπτωση για τους περισσότερους ανθρώπους). Είναι κατανοητό ότι σε αυτούς τους ασθενείς ένα ήπιο μεταγευματική υπερασβεστιαιμίας οδηγεί σε αυξημένη απέκκριση νατρίου και ένα ορισμένο βαθμό της αφυδάτωσης. Αυτά τα φαινόμενα (συμπεριλαμβανομένης της καταστολής των ενδογενών παραθυρεοειδούς ορμόνης (ΡΤΗ) προκάλεσε ήπια υπερασβεστιαιμία) οδηγούν σε αυξημένη επαναρρόφηση του διττανθρακικού και αν συνεχίσει να καταναλώνει το ανθρακικό ασβέστιο για την ανάπτυξη της αλκάλωσης. Sam αλκάλωση ενισχύει εκλεκτικά επαναρρόφηση του ασβεστίου στο άπω νεφρώνα, επιδεινώνοντας έτσι την υπερασβεστιαιμία. Το ανωτέρω περιγραφέν κύκλος διαιωνίζει και εντείνει υπερασβεστιαιμία και αλκάλωση, όσο διάστημα ο ασθενής τρώει απορροφήσιμου ασβεστίου και αλκαλικές ενώσεις. ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΑ: ενδοκρινολογικές, Παθολογία, Gastroenterology, ΔΙΑΤΡΟΦΗ, μεταβολικά νοσήματα (. Ang-síndrome de leche y alcalinos) de leche y alcalinos síndrome es una condición causada por la ingesta excesiva de calcio fácilmente absorbible y antiácidos (ácido clorhídrico) -. Por ejemplo, la leche, el carbonato de calcio. El equipo es mucho más raro desde la introducción de el tratamiento de la úlcera gástrica y antiácidos no absorbibles duodenales y otros métodos terapéuticos. Sin embargo, el uso cada vez mayor en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis, el carbonato de calcio conduce a una mayor incidencia de este síndrome. 1. lechosa EQUIPO alcalina (. Ang leche y alcalinos SÍNDROME) - formas de la enfermedad, los hallazgos clínicos se han descrito varias formas clínicas del síndrome de leche y alcalinos: aguda, subaguda y crónica. Síndrome lechoso alcalino forma crónica se llama equipo de Burnett. Todas se caracterizan por la ocurrencia de hipercalcemia, alcalosis (alcalosis), e insuficiencia renal. Síndrome de Burnett se asocia con la función de daño renal irreversible, y las unidades de agudos son reversibles si usted acaba de pasar por el paciente consume cantidades excesivas de calcio y alcalino absorbible. 2. EQUIPO lechoso-alcalina (ang leche y alcalinos SÍNDROME.) - Patogénesis papel importante en la patogénesis del síndrome de leche y alcalinos juega una sensibilidad individual - algunos pacientes tratados con carbonato de calcio y agentes alcalinos nunca desarrollan síntomas. Una variable característica entre los individuos es un porcentaje de absorción de calcio, dependiendo de su consumo. Algunas personas absorbe una proporción significativa de la de calcio incluso a tan alto como el consumo de 2 g de calcio elemental al día (en lugar de disminuir la absorción con la dosis alta - como es el caso para la mayoría de personas). Se entiende que en estos pacientes una hipercalcemia suave postprandial conduce a aumento de la excreción de sodio y un cierto grado de deshidratación. Estos fenómenos (incluyendo la supresión de la hormona paratiroidea endógena (PTH) causó hipercalcemia leve) conducen a un aumento de la resorción de bicarbonato y si seguir consumiendo carbonato de calcio para el desarrollo de alcalosis. Sam alcalosis aumenta selectivamente la reabsorción de calcio en la nefrona distal, exacerbando así la hipercalcemia. El ciclo anteriormente descrito perpetúa e intensifica la hipercalcemia y alcalosis, siempre y cuando el paciente come calcio absorbible y compuestos alcalinos. CATEGORÍA: endocrinológicas, Medicina interna, gastroenterología, nutrición, enfermedades metabólicas (. Ang Milk-alkali syndroom) melk-alkali syndroom is een aandoening die wordt veroorzaakt door overmatige inname van goed opneembare calcium en maagzuurremmers (zoutzuur) - bijv. Melk, calciumcarbonaat. Het team is veel zeldzamer sinds de invoering van de behandeling van maagzweren en duodenale niet-absorbeerbare maagzuurremmers en andere therapeutische methoden. De toenemende toepassing bij het behandelen van osteoporose, het calciumcarbonaat leidt tot een verhoogde incidentie van het syndroom. 1. melkachtige TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI syndroom) - vormen van de ziekte, zijn klinische bevindingen beschreven verschillende klinische vormen milky-alkali syndroom: acute, subacute en chronische. Chronische vorm milky-alkali syndroom wordt genoemd Burnett team. Alle worden gekenmerkt door het optreden van hypercalciëmie, alkalose (alkalose), en nierfalen. Burnett syndroom wordt geassocieerd met onherstelbare schade nierfunctie en acute units zijn omkeerbaar als je toevallig om te stoppen door de patiënt consumeren grote hoeveelheden calcium en absorbeerbare alkali. 2. TEAM melkachtig Alkaline (ang MILK-alkalisyndroom.) - Pathogenese belangrijke rol in de pathogenese van de melk-alkali syndroom speelt een individuele gevoeligheid - sommige patiënten behandeld met calciumcarbonaat en alkalische middelen nooit symptomen ontwikkelen. Een kenmerk variabel tussen individuen is een percentage absorptie van calcium, afhankelijk van het verbruik. Sommigen neemt een aanzienlijk deel van het calcium zelfs bij zo hoog als het nuttigen dan 2 g elementair calcium per dag (in plaats van afnemende absorptie met de hoge dosis - zoals het geval is voor de meeste mensen). Het is duidelijk dat bij deze patiënten een milde postprandiale hypercalciëmie leidt tot verhoogde uitscheiding van natrium en een zekere mate van uitdroging. Deze verschijnselen (zoals de onderdrukking van endogene parathyroïd hormoon (PTH) veroorzaakte een lichte hypercalciëmie) leiden tot verhoogde resorptie van bicarbonaat en als u doorgaat consumeren calciumcarbonaat aan de ontwikkeling van alkalose. Sam alkalose selectief verbetert calcium reabsorptie in het distale nefron, waardoor verergeren hypercalciëmie. De hierboven beschreven cyclus voort verhindert en hypercalciëmie en alkalose, zolang de patiënt eet absorbeerbare calcium en basische verbindingen. CATEGORIE: endocrinologische, interne geneeskunde, gastro-enterologie, voeding, stofwisselingsziekten (. ANG Bainne-alcaileach siondróm) Bainne-alcaile siondróm Is coinníoll de bharr iontógáil iomarcach de chailciam go héasca absorbable agus antacids (aigéad hidreaclórach) -. Shampla Bainne, carbónáit chailciam. Tá an fhoireann i bhfad níos rarer ó tugadh isteach an chóireáil ulcer gastric agus antacids neamh-absorbable duodenal agus modhanna teiripeacha eile. Mar sin féin, an méadú ar úsáid i gcóireáil oistéapóróis, mar thoradh ar an carbónáit chailciam le minicíocht mhéadaithe de Siondróm seo. 1. Bó Finne FOIREANN alcaileacha (. ANG BAINNE-ALKALI Siondróm) - foirmeacha an ghalair, tá cur síos déanta torthaí Cliniciúil foirmeacha éagsúla cliniciúil siondróm Bó Finne-alcaile: géarmhíochaine, subacute agus ainsealach. Tá Siondróm Bó Finne-alcaile foirm Ainsealach dtugtar Burnett fhoireann. Gach tréithrithe ag an tharla an hypercalcemia, alkalosis (alkalosis), agus teip duánacha. Tá Siondróm Burnett a bhaineann le feidhm damáiste duáin dochúlaithe, agus aonaid ghéarmhíochaine inchúlaithe má tharlaíonn tú díreach chun stop a chur leis an t-othar Tógann méideanna iomarcacha de cailciam agus alcaile absorbable. Tá ról tábhachtach Pathogenesis i pathogenesis de siondróm bainne-alcaile ar íogaireacht Aonair - - 2. FOIREANN Bó Finne-alcaileacha (ANG BAINNE-ALKALI Siondróm.) Roinnt othar cóireáilte le carbónáit chailciam agus gníomhairí alcaileach riamh a fhorbairt comharthaí. Is é ceann gné athróg idir daoine aonair a ionsú céatadán de chailciam, ag brath ar a ídiú. Roinnt daoine absorbs sciar suntasach de na cailciam fiú ag chomh hard leis an Tógann ná 2 g cailciam eiliminteach laethúil (seachas laghdú ionsú leis an dáileog ard - mar is amhlaidh do daoine is mó). Tuigtear go sna hothair thoradh ar hypercalcemia postprandial éadrom le eisfhearadh méadú de sóidiam agus méid áirithe de dehydration. Na feiniméin (lena n-áirítear cosc a chur ar endogenous hormone parathyroid (PTH) ba chúis éadrom hypercalcemia) mar thoradh ar resorption méadaithe bicarbonate agus má leanfaidh tú ag Tógann carbónáit chailciam le forbairt alkalosis. Chuireann sam alkalosis roghnaíoch reabsorption cailciam sa neafróin distal, rud a cur le hypercalcemia. Perpetuates an timthriall thuas-cur síos agus intensifies hypercalcemia agus alkalosis, chomh fada agus a itheann an t-othar cailciam absorbable agus comhdhúile alcaileach. CATAGÓIR: ENDOCRINOLOGICAL, Leigheas Inmheánach, gaistreintreolaíocht, COTHAITHE, galair meitibileach (. Ang Milk alkalí-heilkenni) Milk alkalí-heilkenni er ástand sem kemur af völdum of inntöku auðveldlega frásogast kalsíum og sýrubindandi lyf (saltsýru) -. Td mjólk, kalsíumkarbónat. Liðið er mun fátíðara þar sem kynning á meðferð magasár og skeifugarnarsár ekki frásogast sýrubindandi og aðrar lækninga aðferðir. Hins vegar vaxandi notkun í meðferð á beinþynningu, kalsíum karbónat leiðir til aukinnar tíðni þessa heilkennis. 1. mjólkurkenndur TEAM Alkaline (. ANG MILK alkalí-heilkenni) - form sjúkdómsins, hafa klínískar niðurstöður verið lýst nokkrum klínískum eyðublöð mjólkurkenndur-basa heilkenni: bráð, síðbúna og langvarandi. Langvinnt form mjólkurkenndur-basa heilkenni heitir Burnett lið. Allt einkennast af tilvik blóðkalsíumhækkun alkalosis (alkalosis), og nýrnabilun. Burnett heilkenni tengist varanlegum skaða nýrnastarfsemi og bráð einingar eru afturkræfar ef þú verður bara að hætta af sjúklingi neyslu of mikið af kalki og frásogast basa. 2. TEAM mjólkurkenndur-Alkaline (ANG MILK alkalí-heilkenni.) - Meingerð mikilvægt hlutverk í meingerð mjólk alkalí-heilkenni gegnir Einstök næmi - sumir sjúklingar voru meðhöndlaðir með kalsíumkarbónat og basískum efnum aldrei fá einkenni. Einn eiginleiki breytu milli einstaklinga er hlutfall frásog kalsíum, eftir neyslu þess. Sumir gleypa verulegan hluta af kalki jafnvel á eins hátt og neyslu en 2 g elemental kalsíum á dag (í stað minnka frásog með háum skömmtum - eins og raunin er fyrir fólk). Það er litið svo á að hjá þessum sjúklingum væg máltíðir blóðkalsíumhækkun leiðir til aukinnar útskilnað natríums og vissu leyti af ofþornun. Þessi fyrirbæri (þ.mt bælingu á náttúrulegum kalkkirtlahormóns (PTH) olli vægri blóðkalsíumhækkun) leitt til aukinnar uppsog bíkarbónati og ef þú heldur áfram að neyta kalsíum karbónat til þróunar alkalosis. Sam alkalosis vali eykur kalsíum endurupptöku í ysta nephron auka þannig enn frekar blóðkalsíumhækkun. Ofangreind hringrás perpetuates og eykst blóðkalsíumhækkun og alkalosis, eins lengi og sjúklingur borðar frásogast kalk og basísk efnasambönd. Flokkur: ENDOCRINOLOGICAL, lyflæknisfræði, gastroenterology, næringu, efnaskiptasjúkdómum Miruku - arukari shōkōgun (ANG miruku - arukari shōkōgun. ) O kantan ni kyūshū-sei karushiumu oyobi-sei san-zai (ensan) no kajō sesshu ni yotte hikiokosa reru jōtaidearu -. Tatoeba gyūnyū, tansan karushiumu. Chīmu wa, ikaiyō ya 十二指腸非吸収性制酸剤 Oyobi hoka no chiryō-hō no chiryō ga dōnyū sa rete irai zutto maredesu. Shikashi,-kotsu soshō-shō no chiryō ni okeru shiyō no zōka wa, tansan karushiumu wa, kono shōkōgun no hassei-ritsu no zōka ni tsunagarimasu. Kyūsei, A kyūsei oyobi mansei: - 1. Nyūhakushoku chīmu arukari (ANG mirukuarukari shōkōgun) shikkan no keitai wa, rinshō shoken wa, ikutsu ka no rinshō keitai nyūhakushoku - arukari shōkōgun ni kisai sa rete imasu. Mansei-gata no nyūhakushoku no arukari shōkōgun wa bānettochīmu to yoba rete imasu. Subete ga kōkarushiumukesshō, arukarōshisu (arukarōshisu), oyobi jin fuzen no hassei ni yotte tokuchōdzuke raremasu. Bānetto shōkōgun wa fukyagaku-tekina sonshō jin kinō ni kanren shite, anata dake no karushiumu kyūshū-sei arukari no kajōna ryō o shōhi suru kanja ni yotte teishi shite shimatta baai, kyūsei tan'i wa kagyaku-tekidesu. 2. Chīmu nyūhakushoku - arukari (ANG mirukuarukari shōkōgun. ) - Miruku - arukari shōkōgun no byōin ni okeru byōin ni jūyōna yakuwari wa, kojin no kanjusei o hatashite iru - tansan karushiumu to arukari-zai de shochi shita nan'ninka no kanja ga shōjō o hasshō suru koto wa arimasen. Kojin-kan no 1tsu no tokuchō hensū wa, sono shōhi-ryō ni ōjite, karushiumu no wariai no kyūshūdesu. Ichibu no hitobito mo mainichi 2-guramu genso karushiumu yori mo shōhi to takai toki no karushiumu no kanari no wariai o kyūshū (kawari ni kō yōryō no kyūshū o genshō sa seru no o - hotondo no hito no baai no yō ni). Kore wa, korera no kanja ni oite keido no shokugo kōkarushiumukesshō wa, natoriumu haisetsu zōka oyobi dassui no aru teido ni tsunagaru koto ga rikai sa remasu. Korera no genshō (naiinsei fukukōjōsenhorumon (PTH) no yokusei o fukumu, keido no kōkarushiumukesshō o hikiokoshita) jūtansan'en no zōka kyūshū o motarashi, anata wa arukarōshisu no kaihatsu ni tansan karushiumu o shōhi shi tsudzukemasu. Samuarukarōshisu wa, sentaku-teki ni kōkarushiumukesshō o akka sa se, en'i nefuron de no karushiumu sai kyūshū o takamemasu. Jōki no saikuru ga eizoku shite iru kagiri, kanja ga kyūshū-sei karushiumu to arukarisei kagōbutsu o taberu yō ni, kōkarushiumukesshō oyobi arukarōshisu o tsuyomemasu. CATEGORY: Naibunpitsu naika, shōkaki, eiyō, taishaseishikkan (. Ang Pieno šarmų sindromas) Pienas šarmų sindromas yra būklė, kurią sukelia didelio suvartojimo lengvai absorbuojamos kalcio ir skrandžio rūgštingumą mažinančius vaistus (druskos rūgštimi.) - Pvz pienas, kalcio karbonato. Komanda yra daug retesnis nuo skrandžio opa ir dvylikapirštės žarnos neabsorbuojamus antacidiniais vaistais ir kitais terapiniais metodais gydymo įvedimo. Tačiau, didinant panaudojimas osteoporozės gydymui, kalcio karbonatas, veda į padažnėjusius šio sindromo. 1. Paukščių KOMANDA šarminis (. Ang PIENO šarmų sindromas) - ligos formos, klinikiniai išvados buvo aprašyta keletas klinikinių formų pieno-šarmų sindromas: ūminis, poūmis ir lėtinis. Lėtinis forma pieno-šarmų sindromas vadinamas Burnett komanda. Viskas yra būdingas hiperkalcemijos, alkalozės (alkalozė) ir inkstų funkcijos nepakankamumo atveju. Burnett sindromas yra susijęs su nepataisomą žalą inkstų funkciją ir ūmus vienetai yra grįžtamas, jei jūs tiesiog atsitikti, kad sustabdyti pacientas suvartoja pernelyg daug kalcio ir absorbuotis šarmo. 2. KOMANDA pieno-šarmų (Ang PIENO šarmų sindromas.) - Patogenezė svarbus vaidmuo pieno šarmų sindromo patogenezės vaidina individualaus jautrumo - gydomiems pacientams kalcio karbonato ir šarminiais agentais niekada simptomų. Vienas požymis kintamasis tarp individų yra procentinis absorbcija kalcio, priklausomai nuo jo suvartojimo. Kai kurie žmonės sugeria didelę kalcio net ir esant toks didelis, kaip naudojančiais kaip 2 g elementinio kalcio per parą (vietoj mažėja absorbciją su didelės dozės - kaip daugumai žmonių atvejis). Suprantama, kad šių pacientų lengvo valgio hiperkalcemija veda prie didesnio išsiskyrimą natrio ir tam tikro laipsnio dehidratacija. Šie reiškiniai (įskaitant endogeninio parathormoną (PTH) slopinimo sukelia švelnų hiperkalcemija) padidėti rezorbciją bikarbonato ir jei ir toliau vartoja kalcio karbonatas į alkalozės plėtrai. Samas alkalozė selektyviai sustiprina kalcio reabsorbciją į distalinio nephron, taip gilindami hiperkalcemija. Pirmiau aprašytas ciklas įamžina ir sustiprina hiperkalcemija ir alkalozė, kol pacientas valgo absorbcinės kalcio ir šarminės junginių. KATEGORIJA: endokrininėmis, Vidaus ligų, gastroenterologijos, mitybos, medžiagų apykaitos ligos Cicercula alcali syndrome (ang. Lac alcali-syndrome) a statu per nimia attractio calcium et facile absorbable antacids (hydrochloric acid) - eg. Lac lactis, calcium carbonate. Satis admodum bigas est quia introductioni curatio CARDIACUS ulceris, duodenal absorbable antacids et aliis non-medicinales modos. Sed in tractatione Usus Osteoporosis, calcium carbonate huius incidentiae ad incrementum eorum syndrome. 1. lacteus TEAM Alkaline (ang. LACTEUS ALKALI SYNDROME) - formas mali, orci orci Inventiones exsequendi plures formas lacteo alcali syndrome: acutis clliptica et longus est. Diutinae forma lacteo alcali syndrome dicitur Burnett team. Omnes sunt orationis intercessu hypercalcemia, alkalosis (alkalosis), et renum defectum. Burnett syndrome associatur in immedicabile damnum renibus munus, et acrior aeque reversible si accidere pos prohibere a patiente tamen consumens nimium calcium et absorbable alcali. 2. TEAM lacteo Alkaline (ang. LACTEUS ALKALI SYNDROME) - Pathogenesis momenti in pathogenesis de lactariis alcali syndrome ludit Individual sensitivity - quidam aegros agitur cum calcium carbonate et alkaline agentibus never develop docebo. Unus pluma est recipis unius variabilis calcium effusio secundum consumptio. Quidam etiam absorbet calcium significant proportio g II quam ignis elementaris exaltaveris quasi quotidie calcium (dose pro decrescebant principe effusio - sicut plerique). Hypercalcemia intellegitur in his aegris ad augeri postprandial excretione mitis et quadam quasi sodium siccitatibus conveniunt. Phænomena (including coercitae endogenous parathy hormone (PTH) caused mitis hypercalcemia) lateque de bicarbonate et ad auctiorem resorption si manéntes consumens calcii carbonas atque progressum alkalosis. Sam alkalosis selectively calcium auget reabsorption in distali nephron, per hypercalcemia comprobans. Supra describitur cyclum perpetuat augetque hypercalcemia et alkalosis, quamdiu sicut patiens manducat absorbable alkaline calcium et componit. Category: Endocrinological, Science, Gastroenterology, nutritionis morbis metabolic (. Ang Milk-sārmu sindroms) Piena-sārmu sindroms ir stāvoklis, ko izraisa pārmērīga uzņemšanu viegli absorbējams kalcija un antacīdiem (sālsskābe) - piem. Piena, kalcija karbonāts. Komanda ir daudz retāk, jo ārstēšanu kuņģa čūlas un divpadsmitpirkstu zarnas non-absorbējoši antacīdiem un citām terapeitiskām metodēm ieviešanu. Tomēr, palielinot izmantošana osteoporozes ārstēšanā, kalcija karbonāts noved pie biežuma palielināšanās, šo sindromu. 1. pienaini TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-sārmu sindroms) - formas slimības, klīniskie secinājumi tika aprakstītas vairākas klīniskās formas pienaini sārmu sindroms: akūtu, subakūtas un hroniskas. Hroniska forma pienaini sārmu sindroms sauc Burnett komandu. Visi ir raksturīga rašanos hiperkalciēmija, alkalozi (alkalozi), un nieru mazspēju. Burnett sindroms ir saistīts ar neatgriezenisku kaitējumu nieru funkciju, un akūta vienības ir atgriezeniskas, ja jūs vienkārši gadās pārtraukt pacients patērē pārmērīgi daudz kalcija un absorbējams sārmu. 2. TEAM pienaini Alkaline (Ang MILK-sārmu SINDROMS.) - Patoģenēzē svarīga loma patoģenēzē piena-sārmu sindromu spēlē individuālās jutības - daži pacienti, kas ārstēti ar kalcija karbonātu un sārmiem nekad attīstās simptomi. Viena iezīme mainīgais starp indivīdiem ir procents kalcija uzsūkšanos, atkarībā no tās patēriņu. Daži cilvēki absorbē ievērojamu daļu no kalcija pat pie augsta kā patērētājvalstu nekā 2 g kalcija dienā (nevis uzsūkšanās ar lielu devu - kā tas ir gadījumā vairumam cilvēku). Tas ir saprotams, ka šiem pacientiem vieglas pēc ēšanas hiperkalciēmiju izraisa pastiprinātu izdalīšanos nātrija un zināmā mērā dehidratāciju. Šīs parādības (ieskaitot apspiešanu endogēnā parathormona (PTH) izraisa vieglu hiperkalciēmija) pārsvaru, palielinot uzsūkšanās bikarbonāta, un, ja jūs turpināt patērē kalcija karbonātu attīstībā alkalozi. Sam alkaloze selektīvi uzlabo kalcija reabsorbciju no distālās nefrons, tādējādi saasinot hiperkalciēmiju. Iepriekš aprakstītā cikla paildzina un pastiprina hiperkalciēmiju un alkalozi, kamēr pacients ēd absorbējošie kalciju un sārmu savienojumi. Kategorija: endokrinoloģiskiem, Internal Medicine, gastroenteroloģijā, uztura, vielmaiņas slimības (. Ang Milch-Alkali-Syndrom) Milch-Alkali-Syndrom ist ein Zustand, der durch eine übermäßige Aufnahme von leicht resorbierbaren Kalzium und Antazida (Salzsäure) verursacht. - ZB Milch, Calciumcarbonat. Das Team ist sehr viel seltener, da die Einführung der Behandlung von Magengeschwüren und Zwölffingerdarm nichtabsorbierbaren Antazida und anderen therapeutischen Verfahren. Die zunehmende Verwendung bei der Behandlung von Osteoporose, führt jedoch das Calciumcarbonat zu einer erhöhten Inzidenz dieses Syndroms. 1. milchig TEAM Alkaline (. Ang Burnett-Syndrom) - Formen der Krankheit, Klinische Befunde beschrieben wurden mehreren klinischen Formen milchig-Alkali-Syndrom: akute, subakute und chronische. Chronische Form milchig-Alkali-Syndrom genannt wird Burnett Team. Alle sind durch das Auftreten von Hyperkalzämie, Alkalose (Alkalose) und Nierenversagen ist. Burnett-Syndrom ist mit einer irreversiblen Schädigung der Nierenfunktion verbunden sind, und akute Einheiten sind reversibel, wenn Sie nur zufällig durch den Patienten raub übermäßige Mengen an Kalzium und resorbierbare Alkali stoppen. 2. TEAM milchig-Alkaline (ang Burnett-Syndrom.) - Pathogenese wichtige Rolle in der Pathogenese der Milch-Alkali-Syndrom spielt eine individuelle Empfindlichkeit - Einige Patienten mit Calciumcarbonat und alkalischen Mitteln nie Symptome entwickeln behandelt. Ein Merkmal variabler zwischen Individuen ist ein Prozentsatz Absorption von Calcium in Abhängigkeit von seiner Verbrauch. Manche Menschen absorbiert einen wesentlichen Anteil des Calcium selbst bei so hoch wie die in Anspruch als 2 g elementares Kalzium täglich (anstatt abzunehmen Absorption mit der hohen Dosis - wie es der Fall für die meisten Menschen). Es versteht sich, dass bei diesen Patienten eine milde postprandiale Hyperkalzämie führt zu einer erhöhten Ausscheidung von Natrium und einem gewissen Grad der Austrocknung. Diese Phänomene (einschließlich der Unterdrückung der endogenen Parathormons (PTH) verursachte eine leichte Hypercalcämie) führen zu verstärkter Resorption Bicarbonat und wenn man weiterhin aufwendig Calciumcarbonat zur Entwicklung Alkalose. Sam Alkalose selektiv die Calcium Rückresorption im distalen Nephron dadurch verschärft Hyperkalzämie. Der oben beschriebene Zyklus fortsetzt und verstärkt Hyperkalzämie und Alkalose, solange der Patient isst resorbierbare Calcium und alkalische Verbindungen. KATEGORIE: endokrinologische, Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie, Ernährung, Stoffwechselerkrankungen (. Ang Milk-alkali-syndrom) melk-alkali-syndrom er en tilstand forårsaket av overdrevent inntak av lett absorberbare kalsium og antacida (saltsyre) -. For eksempel melk, kalsiumkarbonat. Teamet er mye sjeldnere siden innføringen av behandling av magesår og duodenal ikke-absorberbare antacida og andre terapeutiske metoder. Men den økende anvendelse ved behandling av osteoporose, fører kalsiumkarbonat til økt forekomst av dette syndrom. 1. melke TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI syndrom) - former av sykdommen, har kliniske funn er beskrevet flere kliniske former melke alkali syndrom: akutt, subakutt og kronisk. Kronisk form melke alkali syndromet kalles Burnett team. Alle er preget av forekomsten av hyperkalsemi, alkalose (alkalose), og nyresvikt. Burnett syndrom er assosiert med irreversibel skade nyrefunksjonen, og akutte enheter er reversible hvis du bare tilfeldigvis innom pasienten konsumere store mengder kalsium og absorberbare alkali. 2. TEAM melke Alkaline (ang MILK-ALKALI SYNDROM.) - Patogenese viktig rolle i patogenesen av melk-alkali syndromet spiller en individuell følsomhet - noen pasienter behandlet med kalsiumkarbonat og alkaliske midler aldri utvikler symptomer. En funksjon variabel mellom individer er en prosentvis absorbsjon av kalsium, avhengig av dens forbruk. Noen absorberer en betydelig andel av kalsium, selv ved så høye som det krevende enn 2 g elementært kalsium daglig (i stedet for å senke absorpsjonen med den høye dose - slik tilfellet er for de fleste). Det er enighet om at disse pasientene en mild postprandial hyperkalsemi fører til økt utskillelse av natrium og en viss grad av dehydrering. Disse fenomener (inkludert undertrykkelse av endogent paratyreoidhormon (PTH) forårsaket en mild hyperkalsemi) føre til økt resorpsjon av bikarbonat, og hvis man fortsetter å konsumere kalsiumkarbonat til utvikling av alkalose. Sam alkalosis selektivt forsterker kalsium reabsorpsjon i distal nephron, og dermed forverre hyperkalsemi. Den ovenfor beskrevne syklus opprettholder og forsterker hyperkalsemi og alkalose, så lenge pasienten spiser absorberbare kalsium og alkaliske forbindelser. Kategori: endokrinologiske, indremedisin, gastroenterologi, ernæring, metabolske sykdommer (. Ang Leite e álcalis síndrome) do leite-alcalóide síndrome é uma condição causada pela ingestão excessiva de cálcio facilmente absorvível e antiácidos (ácido clorídrico) -. Por exemplo, leite, carbonato de cálcio. A equipa é muito mais raro, desde a introdução do tratamento de úlcera gástrica e anti-ácidos não-absorvíveis duodenais e outros métodos terapêuticos. No entanto, o aumento da utilização no tratamento de osteoporose, o carbonato de cálcio leva a um aumento da incidência desta síndroma. 1. leitoso EQUIPE Alcalina (. Ang do leite-alcalóide SÍNDROME) - formas da doença, achados clínicos foram descritas diversas formas clínicas da síndrome leitoso e álcalis: aguda, subaguda e crônica. Síndrome leitoso e álcalis forma crônica é chamado equipe Burnett. Todos são caracterizadas pela ocorrência de hipercalcemia, alcalose (alcalose), e insuficiência renal. Síndrome Burnett está associado à função dano renal irreversível, e as unidades de agudos são reversíveis se você só acontecerá a parar pelo paciente consome quantidades excessivas de cálcio e alcalino absorvível. 2. EQUIPE leitoso-alcalina (ang do leite-alcalóide SÍNDROME.) - Patogênese papel importante na patogênese da síndrome do leite-alcalóide joga uma sensibilidade individual - alguns doentes tratados com carbonato de cálcio e agentes alcalinos nunca desenvolvem sintomas. Uma característica variável entre indivíduos é uma percentagem de absorção de cálcio, de acordo com o seu consumo. Algumas pessoas absorve uma parte significativa do cálcio, mesmo a tão elevado como o consumo de 2 g por dia de cálcio elementar (em vez de diminuir a absorção com a dose mais elevada - como é o caso para a maioria das pessoas). Entende-se que, nestes pacientes uma ligeira hipercalcemia pós-prandial leva a um aumento da excreção de sódio e um certo grau de desidratação. Estes fenómenos (incluindo a supressão da hormona paratiroideia endógena (PTH) hipercalcemia causada leve) conduzem a um aumento da reabsorção do bicarbonato e se continuar a consumir o carbonato de cálcio para o desenvolvimento de alcalose. Sam alcalose aumenta selectivamente a reabsorção de cálcio no néfron distal, agravando assim hipercalcemia. O ciclo acima descrito perpetua e intensifica a hipercalcemia e alcalose, enquanto o paciente come cálcio absorvível e compostos alcalinos. Categoria: endocrinológicos, medicina interna, gastroenterologia, nutrição, doenças metabólicas (. Анг Молоко-щелочной синдром) Молоко-щелочной синдром является состояние, вызванное чрезмерным потреблением легко усваиваемого кальция и антацидов (соляная кислота) - например, молока., Карбоната кальция. Команда гораздо реже, так как введением лечения язвенной болезни желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки нерассасывающихся антацидов и других терапевтических методов. Тем не менее, широкое использование в лечении остеопороза, карбонат кальция приводит к повышенной заболеваемости этим синдромом. 1. молочно КОМАНДА щелочные (. Анг МОЛОКО-щелочной синдром) - формы заболевания, клинические находки были описаны несколько клинических форм молочно-щелочной синдром: острая, подострая и хроническая. Хроническая форма молочно-щелочной синдром называется Burnett команду. Все они характеризуются возникновением гиперкальциемии, алкалоза (алкалоз), и почечной недостаточности. Синдром Бернетт связано с необратимым функции почек ущерб, и острые единицы являются обратимыми, если вы просто случайно остановить пациента, потребляющего избыточное количество кальция и рассасывающиеся щелочи. 2. КОМАНДА молочно-щелочной (анг МОЛОКО-щелочной синдром.) - Патогенез важную роль в патогенезе молока-щелочного синдрома играет индивидуальная чувствительность - некоторых пациентов с карбонатом кальция и щелочных агентов никогда не развиваются симптомы. Одна переменная функция между индивидуумами является процентом абсорбции кальция, в зависимости от его потребления. Некоторые люди поглощает значительную долю кальция даже при столь же высоко, как, потребляющих более 2 г элементарного кальция в день (вместо уменьшения поглощения с высокой дозой - как место для большинства людей). Понятно, что у этих пациентов после приема пищи легкой гиперкальциемии приводит к увеличению экскреции натрия и в некоторой степени обезвоживания. Эти явления (в том числе подавление эндогенного гормона паращитовидных (РТН) вызвало умеренное гиперкальциемия) приводят к увеличению резорбции бикарбоната и если вы продолжаете много карбоната кальция в развитие алкалоза. Сэм алкалоз избирательно усиливает реабсорбцию кальция в дистальных нефрона, тем самым усугубляя гиперкальциемии. Вышеописанный цикл закрепляет и усиливает гиперкальциемию и алкалоз, до тех пор, пока пациент съедает поглощаемый кальций и щелочные соединения. Раздел: Эндокринологический, Внутренняя медицина, гастроэнтерология, питание, болезни обмена веществ (. Ang-lapte alcaline sindrom) laptele alcaline sindrom este o afecțiune cauzată de consumul excesiv de calciu ușor absorbabil și antiacide (acid clorhidric) - ex. Lapte, carbonat de calciu. Echipa este mult mai rar, deoarece introducerea tratamentul ulcerului gastric și antiacide neresorbabile duodenale și alte metode terapeutice. Cu toate acestea, creșterea folosirii în tratamentul osteoporozei, carbonatul de calciu conduce la o incidență crescută a acestui sindrom. 1. lăptos TEAM alcaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI SINDROMUL) - forme ale bolii, descoperiri clinice au fost descrise mai multe forme clinice sindromul lăptos-alcaline: acute, subacute și cronice. Sindromul-lăptos alcalin forma cronica se numește echipa Burnett. Toate sunt caracterizate prin apariția de hipercalcemie, alcalozei (alcaloză) și insuficiență renală. Sindromul Burnett este asociat cu functia leziuni renale ireversibile, iar unitățile acute sunt reversibile dacă se întâmplă doar pentru a opri de către pacient consumă cantități excesive de calciu și alcaline absorbabil. 2. ECHIPA lăptos-alcalină (ang MILK-ALKALI SINDROMUL.) - Patogeneza rol important în patogeneza lapte alcaline sindrom joacă o sensibilitate individuală - unii pacienți tratați cu carbonat de calciu și agenți alcalini nu dezvolta simptome. O variabilă caracteristică între indivizi este o absorbție procent de calciu, în funcție de consumul său. Unii oameni absoarbe o proporție semnificativă de calciu, chiar la fel de mare ca consumarea de 2 g de calciu elemental zilnic (în loc de scădere absorbție cu doza mare - cum este cazul pentru majoritatea oamenilor). Se înțelege că la acești pacienți o hipercalcemie postprandiale ușoară duce la excreția crescută de sodiu și un anumit grad de deshidratare. Aceste fenomene (inclusiv suprimarea endogene hormon paratiroidian (PTH) cauzate hipercalcemie ușoară) conduc la resorbția crescută de bicarbonat si daca continua consumatoare carbonat de calciu la dezvoltarea alcaloză. Sam alcaloza crește selectiv reabsorbția calciului in nefronilor distale, exacerbând astfel hipercalcemie. Ciclul descris mai sus perpetuează și intensifică hipercalcemie și alcaloză, atâta timp cât pacientul mănâncă calciu absorbabil și compuși alcalini. Categorie: endocrine, medicină internă, gastroenterologie, nutritie, boli metabolice (. АНГ Милк-алкална синдром) Млеко-алкални синдром је стање изазвано претераним уносом лако абсорбовати, калцијума и антациди (хлороводонична киселина) -. На пример, Милк, калцијум карбоната. Тим је знатно ређе од увођења лечење желудцу и дванаестопалачном неапсорбилног антациди и другим терапеутским методама. Међутим, већа употреба у лечењу остеопорозе, калцијум карбонат води до повећање учесталости овог синдрома. 1. млечно ТИМ алкалне (. Анг МЛЕКО-алкални синдром) - облици болести, Клинички налази су описани неколико клиничких облика млечно-алкални синдром: акутни, субакутни и хронични. Хронична облик млечно-алкални синдром се зове Бурнетт тим. Сви су карактерише појаве хиперкалцемије, алкалозе (алкалозе) и бубрежне инсуфицијенције. Бурнетт синдром је повезан са неповратним функцију оштећење бубрега, и акутне јединице су реверзибилни ако само деси да се заустави пацијента троши превелике количине калцијума и абсорптивним алкалија. 2. ТИМ млечно-алкални (АНГ МЛЕКО-алкални синдром.) - Патогенеза важну улогу у патогенези млека-алкални синдром игра Индивидуални осетљивост - нека пацијената третираних калцијум карбоната и алкални агенти никада не развију симптоме. Једна од карактеристика променљива између појединаца је проценат апсорпцију калцијума, у зависности од потрошње. Неки људи апсорбује значајан пропорцију калцијума чак и при као висок као и конзумирања од 2 г елементарног калцијума свакодневно (уместо смањује апсорпцију уз високу дозу - као што је случај за већину људи). Подразумева се да код ових пацијената благ после јела хиперкалцемију доводи до повећаног лучења натријума и одређен степен дехидрације. Ове појаве (укључујући и сузбијање ендогеног паратиреоидног хормона (ПТХ) изазвао благу хиперкалцемије) довести до повећања ресорпције бикарбоне и ако наставите одузима калцијум карбонат развоју алкалозе. Сам алкалоза селективно појачава калцијума ресорпцију у дисталном нефрона, чиме погоршавајући хиперкалцемију. Горе описаном циклуса оснажује и појачава хиперкалцемију и алкалозу, све док пацијент једе адсорбилне калцијума и алкалним једињењима. КАТЕГОРИЈА: ендокринолошкх, интерну медицину, гастроентерологију, исхрана, болести метаболизма (. Ang mlieko a alkalických syndróm) mlieko a lúhu syndróm je stav spôsobený nadmerného užívania ľahko vstrebateľné vápnika a antacíd (kyselina chlorovodíková), - napr. Mlieko, uhličitan vápenatý. Tím je oveľa vzácnejšie od zavedenia pri liečbe žalúdočných vredov a dvanástnikových nevstrebateľných antacidá a ďalších terapeutických metód. Avšak, rastúce použitie v liečbe osteoporózy, uhličitan vápenatý vedie k zvýšenému výskytu tohto syndrómu. 1. mliečna TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI syndróm) - formy choroby, boli klinické nálezy boli popísané niekoľko klinických foriem mliečno alkalických syndróm akútnej, subakútnej a chronickej. Chronická forma mliečno-alkalický syndróm je nazývaný Burnett tím. Všetky sú charakterizované výskytom hyperkalcémie, alkalózy (alkalóza) a zlyhanie obličiek. Burnett syndróm je spojený s nevratným funkciou poškodenie obličiek a akútne jednotky sú vratné, ak ste náhodou zastaviť pacientom konzumovať nadmerné množstvo vápnika a vstrebateľné alkálií. 2. TEAM mliečno-Alkaline (MILK-ALKALI SYNDROM ang.) - Patogenéza dôležitú úlohu v patogenéze mlieka a alkalických syndrómu hrá individuálna citlivosť - U niektorých pacientov liečených uhličitanom vápenatým a alkalických činidiel nikdy sa objavia príznaky. Jedným z rysov premenná medzi jednotlivcami je percentuálny absorpciu vápnika, v závislosti na jeho spotrebu. Niektorí ľudia absorbuje značnú časť vápnika aj pri tak vysoké ako je konzumácia ako 2 g elementárneho vápnika denne (miesto zníženie absorpcie s vysokou dávkou - ako je tomu u väčšiny ľudí). Má sa za to, že u týchto pacientov miernu postprandiálnu hyperkalcémia vedie k zvýšenému vylučovaniu sodíka a určitého stupňa dehydratácie. Tieto javy (vrátane potlačenia endogénneho parathyroidního hormónu (PTH) spôsobil mierne hyperkalcémii) vedú k zvýšenej resorpcii hydrogénuhličitanu a ak pokračovať náročné uhličitan vápenatý k rozvoju alkalózy. Sam alkalóza selektívne zvyšuje reabsorpciu kalcia v distálnom nefrónu, čím sa zhorší hyperkalcémii. Vyššie popísaný cyklus zachováva a zintenzívňuje hyperkalcémii a alkalózu, tak dlho, kým pacient zje vstrebateľný vápnik a alkalické zlúčeniny. Kategória: endokrinologické, Vnútorné lekárstvo, gastroenterológia, výživa, metabolické ochorenia (. Ang Milk-alkalni sindrom) Mleko-alkalni sindrom je stanje, ki ga prekomerno uživanje zlahka absorbira kalcij in antacidi (klorovodikova kislina) povzročil. - Na primer mleko, kalcijev karbonat. Skupina je veliko redkejše od uvedbe zdravljenje želodca in dvanajstnika ne absorbirajo antacidov in drugih terapevtskih metod. Vendar pa je vse večja uporaba pri zdravljenju osteoporoze, kalcijev karbonat vodi do povečane incidence tega sindroma. 1. mlečno TEAM alkalni (. Ang MLEKO-ALKALIJSKE SINDROM) - oblike bolezni, so bile Klinične ugotovitve je opisanih več kliničnih oblik mlečno-alkalni sindrom: akutni, subakutni in kronični. Kronična oblika mlečno-alkalni sindrom se imenuje Burnett ekipo. Vsi so označena z nastankom hiperkalcemije, alkaloze (alkalnost), odpoved ledvic. Burnett sindrom je povezan z ireverzibilno funkcijo poškodbe ledvic in akutni enote so reverzibilni, če ste jo pravkar zgodilo, da preneha z bolnika potratnih pretirane količine kalcija in absorbira luga. 2. TEAM mlečno alkalni (ang MILK-ALKALIJSKE SINDROM.) - Patogeneza pomembno vlogo v patogenezi sindroma mleka-alkalnih igra občutljivosti posameznika - nekaterih bolnikih, zdravljenih s kalcijevim karbonatom in alkalnimi sredstvi nikoli ne razvijejo simptomi. Ena funkcija spreminja med posamezniki je absorpcija odstotek kalcija, odvisno od njegove porabe. Nekateri ljudje absorbira znaten delež kalcija celo na tako visoke, kot naj uniči kot 2 g elementarnega kalcija dnevno (namesto zmanjšuje absorpcijo z visokim odmerkom - kot to velja za večino ljudi). Razume se, da pri teh bolnikih blagi obroku hiperkalciemijo povzroča povečano izločanje natrija in določeno stopnjo dehidracije. Ti pojavi (vključno zatiranje endogenega paratiroidnega hormona (PTH) povzročili blago hiperkalciemijo) vodstvo na povečano resorpcijo bikarbonata in če boste še naprej porabijo kalcijev karbonat k razvoju alkaloza. Sam alkaloza selektivno poveča reabsorpcijo kalcija v distalnem nefron, s čimer se povečujejo hiperkalciemijo. Zgoraj opisani cikel ohranja in krepi hiperkalciemijo in alkaloza, dokler bolnik poje absorpcijske kalcija in alkalne spojine. Kategorija: endokrinološke, interna medicina, GASTROENTEROLOGIJA, prehrana, bolezni presnove (. Ang Mjölk-alkali syndrom) Mjölk-alkali syndrom är ett tillstånd som orsakas av för stort intag av lätt absorberbara kalcium och antacida (saltsyra) -. T.ex. mjölk, kalciumkarbonat. Laget är mycket ovanligare sedan införandet av behandling av magsår och duodenal icke-absorberbara antacida och andra terapeutiska metoder. Emellertid den ökande användning vid behandling av osteoporos, leder kalciumkarbonatet till en ökad förekomst av detta syndrom. 1. mjölkig TEAM Alkaline (. Ang MILK-ALKALI SYNDROM) - former av sjukdomen, har Kliniska fynd har beskrivit flera kliniska former mjölk alkali syndrom: akut, subakut och kronisk. Kronisk form mjölk alkali syndrom kallas Burnett laget. Alla kännetecknas av förekomsten av hyperkalcemi, alkalos (alkalos), och njursvikt. Burnett syndrom är förknippat med irreversibel skada njurfunktionen, och akuta enheter är reversibla om du bara råkar stoppa genom att patienten konsumerar stora mängder av kalcium och absorberbara alkaliska. 2. TEAM mjölk Alkaline (ang MILK-ALKALI SYNDROM.) - Patogenes viktig roll i patogenesen av mjölk alkali syndrom spelar en individuell känslighet - några patienter som behandlats med kalciumkarbonat och alkaliska medel aldrig utvecklar symptom. En funktion variabel mellan individer är en procentandel absorption av kalcium, beroende på dess konsumtion. Vissa människor absorberar en betydande del av kalcium och med vid så hög som krävande än 2 g elementärt kalcium dagligen (istället för att minska absorption med den höga dosen - vilket är fallet för de flesta människor). Det är underförstått att i dessa patienter en mild postprandial hyperkalcemi leder till ökad utsöndring av natrium och en viss grad av uttorkning. Dessa fenomen (inklusive undertryckande av endogena parathormon (PTH) orsakade mild hyperkalcemi) leder till ökad resorption av bikarbonat och om du fortsätter att konsumera kalciumkarbonat till utvecklingen av alkalos. Sam alkalos ökar selektivt kalcium reabsorption i den distala nefronet, vilket förvärrar hyperkalcemi. Den ovan beskrivna cykeln förevigar och intensifierar hyperkalcemi och alkalos, så länge patienten äter absorberbara kalcium och alkaliska föreningar. KATEGORI: endokrinologiska, inre medicin, gastroenterologi, näring, metabola sjukdomar (. Ang Süt alkali sendromu). - Örneğin, Süt, kalsiyum karbonat, süt alkali sendromu kolayca emilebilir kalsiyum ve antasitler (hidroklorik asit) aşırı alımının neden olduğu bir durumdur. Ekip mide ülseri ve duodenal emilmeyen antasitlerle ve diğer tedavi yöntemlerinin tedavi sunulmasından bu yana çok daha seyrektir. Ancak, osteoporoz tedavisinde artan kullanımı, kalsiyum karbonat, bu sendromun artan insidansı yol açar. Akut, subakut ve kronik: - 1. süt TAKIM Alkalin (. Ang SÜT-ALKALİ Sendromu) hastalığı formları, klinik bulgular çeşitli klinik formları sütlü-alkali sendromu tarif edilmiştir. Kronik formu sütlü-alkali sendromu Burnett takımı denir. Tüm hiperkalsemi, alkaloz (alkaloz) ve böbrek yetmezliğinin meydana gelmesi ile karakterize edilir. Burnett sendromu geri dönüşümsüz hasar böbrek fonksiyonu ile ilişkilidir ve sadece kalsiyum ve emilebilir alkali aşırı miktarda tüketen hasta tarafından durdurmak için ne akut birimler geri dönüşümlüdür. 2. TAKIM sütlü-Alkalin (ang SÜT-ALKALİ Sendromu.) - Kalsiyum karbonat ve belirtiler geliştirmek asla alkalin ajanlarla tedavi edilen bazı hastalar - süt-alkali sendromu patogenezinde Patogenez önemli bir rol Bireysel hassasiyet oynar. Bireyler arasında bir özelliği değişkeni tüketimine bağlı olarak, kalsiyum emilimi yüzde olduğunu. Bazı insanlar hatta günlük 2 gr element kalsiyum daha tüketen gibi yüksek de kalsiyumun önemli bir kısmını emer (yerine yüksek doz emilimi azalan - çoğu insan için olduğu gibi). Bu hastalarda hafif yemek sonrası hiperkalsemi sodyum atılımının çoğalması ve dehidrasyon, belirli bir dereceye kadar yol açtığı anlaşılmalıdır. Eğer alkaloz gelişimine kalsiyum karbonatın tüketen devam eğer bu fenomenler bikarbonat artan rezorpsiyonu skoru (endojen paratiroid hormonu (PTH) baskılanması dahil hafif hiperkalsemi nedeniyle) ve. Sam alkaloz seçici böylece hiperkalsemi exacerbating distal nefron kalsiyum emilimini artırır. Yukarıda tarif edilen döngü devam ettiren ve sürece hastanın emilebilir kalsiyum ve alkalin bileşikleri yiyen olarak, hiperkalsemi ve alkaloz yoğunlaştırır. KATEGORİ: Endokrinolojik, Dahiliye, GASTROENTEROLOJİ, BESLENME, metabolik hastalıklar (. Анг Молоко-лужний синдром) Молоко-лужний синдром є стан, викликаний надмірним споживанням легко засвоюваного кальцію та антацидів (соляна кислота) - наприклад, молока., Карбонату кальцію. Команда набагато рідше, оскільки введенням лікування виразкової хвороби шлунка та дванадцятипалої кишки нерассасивающіхся антацидів та інших терапевтичних методів. Тим не менш, широке використання в лікуванні остеопорозу, карбонат кальцію призводить до підвищеної захворюваності цим синдромом. 1. молочно КОМАНДА лужні (. Анг МОЛОКО-лужний синдром) - форми захворювання, клінічні знахідки були описані кілька клінічних форм молочно-лужний синдром: гостра, підгостра та хронічна. Хронічна форма молочно-лужний синдром називається Burnett команду. Всі вони характеризуються виникненням гіперкальціємії, алкалоза (алкалоз), та ниркової недостатності. Синдром Бернетт пов'язано з необоротним функції нирок збиток, і гострі одиниці є оборотними, якщо ви просто випадково зупинити пацієнта, яке споживає надмірну кількість кальцію і розсмоктуються лугу. 2. КОМАНДА молочно-лужний (анг МОЛОКО-лужний синдром.) - Патогенез важливу роль у патогенезі молока-лужного синдрому відіграє індивідуальна чутливість - деяких пацієнтів з карбонатом кальцію і лужних агентів ніколи не розвиваються симптоми. Одна змінна функція між індивідуумами є відсотком абсорбції кальцію, залежно від його споживання. Деякі люди поглинає значну частку кальцію навіть при настільки ж високо, як, що споживають більш 2 г елементарного кальцію в день (замість зменшення поглинання з високою дозою - як місце для більшості людей). Зрозуміло, що у цих пацієнтів після прийому їжі легкої гіперкальціємії призводить до збільшення екскреції натрію і в деякій мірі зневоднення. Ці явища (у тому числі придушення ендогенного гормону паращитовидних (РТН) викликало помірне гіперкальціємія) призводять до збільшення резорбції бікарбонату і якщо ви продовжуєте багато карбонату кальцію в розвиток алкалозу. Сем алкалоз вибірково підсилює реабсорбцію кальцію в дистальних нефрона, тим самим посилюючи гіперкальціємії. Вищеописаний цикл закріплює і підсилює гиперкальциемію і алкалоз, до тих пір, поки пацієнт з'їдає поглинається кальцій і лужні сполуки. Розділ: Ендокринологічний, Внутрішня медицина, гастроентерологія, харчування, хвороби обміну речовин (. Ang Llaeth-alcali syndrom) Llaeth-alcali syndrom yn gyflwr a achosir gan yfed gormod o galsiwm yn hawdd amsugnadwy a gwrthasidau (asid hydroclorig) -. Ee Llaeth, calsiwm carbonad. Mae'r tîm yn llawer prinnach ers cyflwyno drin wlser gastrig a gwrthasidau nad ydynt yn amsugnadwy dwodenol a dulliau therapiwtig eraill. Fodd bynnag, mae'r defnydd cynyddol wrth drin osteoporosis, y calsiwm carbonad yn arwain at cynyddol achosion o syndrom hwn. 1. llaethog TÎM alcalïaidd (. Ang LLAETH-ALCALI SYNDROM) - ffurf ar y clefyd, canfyddiadau clinigol wedi cael eu disgrifio sawl ffurf clinigol syndrom llaethog-alcali: aciwt, subacute a chronig. Gelwir y ffurflen Cronig syndrom llaethog-alcali yn cael ei dîm Burnett. Mae pob yn cael eu nodweddu gan y digwyddiad o hypercalcemia, alkalosis (alkalosis), a methiant arennol. Syndrom Burnett yn gysylltiedig â swyddogaeth di-droi'n ôl niwed i'r arennau, ac unedau acíwt yn gildroadwy os ydych yn unig yn digwydd i stopio gan y claf cymryd llawer gormod o galsiwm a alcali amsugnadwy. 2. TÎM llaethog-alcalïaidd (ang LLAETH-ALCALI SYNDROM.) - Rôl bwysig pathogenesis yn y pathogenesis o syndrom laeth-alcali yn chwarae sensitifrwydd Unigol - rhai cleifion eu trin â calsiwm carbonad ac asiantau alcalïaidd byth yn datblygu symptomau. Un newidyn nodwedd rhwng unigolion yw canran yn amsugno calsiwm, yn dibynnu ar ei ddefnydd. Mae rhai pobl yn amsugno cyfran sylweddol o'r calsiwm hyd yn oed ar mor uchel ag y cymryd llawer na 2 g calsiwm elfennol bob dydd (yn hytrach na lleihau amsugno gyda'r dos uchel - fel sy'n wir am y rhan fwyaf o bobl). Deellir bod yn y cleifion hyn yn hypercalcemia postprandial ysgafn yn arwain at mwy o ysgarthiad o sodiwm a rhywfaint o ddiffyg hylif. Mae'r rhain ffenomenau (gan gynnwys y atal o hormon parathyroid mewndarddol (PTH) achosi hypercalcemia ysgafn) yn arwain at fwy o resorption o bicarbonate ac os ydych yn parhau cymryd llawer o galsiwm carbonad at ddatblygu alkalosis. Sam alkalosis ddetholus gwella adamsugniad galsiwm yn y neffron distal, a thrwy hynny gwaethygu hypercalcemia. Mae'r cylch uchod-a ddisgrifir parhau'r ac yn dwysau hypercalcemia a alkalosis, ar yr amod bod y claf yn bwyta calsiwm amsugnadwy a chyfansoddion alcalïaidd. CATEGORI: ENDOCRINOLOGICAL, Meddygaeth Mewnol, gastroenteroleg, MAETH, clefydau metabolaidd Tej-alkáli szindróma (Ang. Tej-alkáli-szindróma) olyan állapot okozta túlzott bevitel könnyen felszívódó kalcium és antacidok (sósav) - pl. Tej, kalcium-karbonát. A csapat sokkal ritkább bevezetése óta a kezelés gyomor- és nyombélfekély nem felszívódó savlekötők és egyéb terápiás módszerek. Azonban a növekvő használata a kezelés a csontritkulás, a kalcium-karbonát vezet megnövekedett előfordulását ezen szindróma. 1. tejszerű TEAM alkáli (ang. TEJ-alkáli szindróma) - formája a betegség, Klinikai leírták számos klinikai formái tejes-alkáli szindróma: akut, szubakut és krónikus. Krónikus formában tejes-alkáli szindróma nevű Burnett csapata. Minden jellemzi előfordulása hiperkalcémia, alkalózis (alkalózis) és veseelégtelenség. Burnett szindróma esetén visszafordíthatatlan károkat veseműködés és akut egységek visszafordíthatók, ha csak úgy történnek, hogy hagyja abba a beteg fogyaszt túlzott mennyiségű kalcium és felszívódó lúg. 2. TEAM tejes-alkáli (ang. TEJ-alkáli szindróma) - Kórfejlődés fontos szerepet játszik a az tej-alkáli szindróma játszik Egyéni érzékenység - néhány betegnél kalcium-karbonát és lúgos anyagok nem alakulnak ki tünetek. Az egyik jellemzője, változó egyének között egy bizonyos százaléka a kalcium felszívódását, attól függően, hogy a fogyasztás. Néhány ember elnyeli jelentős hányadát a kalcium még olyan magas, mint az igénybe, mint 2 g elemi kalciumot (napi helyett csökkenő abszorpció a nagy dózisú - ahogy ez a helyzet a legtöbb ember számára). Magától értetődő, hogy ezekben a betegekben enyhe posztprandiális hypercalcaemia vezet fokozott kiválasztás a nátrium és egy bizonyos fokú kiszáradás. Ezek a jelenségek (beleértve a elnyomása az endogén paratiroid hormon (PTH) okozott enyhe hypercalcaemiát) vezet megnövekedett csontreszorpciót bikarbonát és ha továbbra elfogyasztva a kalcium-karbonátot, hogy a fejlesztés a alkalózis. Sam alkalózis szelektíven fokozza a kalcium reabsorption a távolabbi nephron, súlyosbítva ezáltal hypercalcemia. A fent leírt ciklus tartósítja és fokozza a hiperkalcémia és alkalózis, mindaddig, amíg a beteg eszik felszívódó kalcium és lúgos vegyületek. KATEGÓRIA: ENDOKRINOLÓGIA, Belgyógyászat, gasztroenterológia, a táplálkozás, az anyagcsere-betegségek (. Ang latte-alcali sindrome) latte-alcali sindrome è una condizione causata da eccessiva assunzione di calcio facilmente assorbibile e antiacidi (acido cloridrico) -. Per esempio latte, carbonato di calcio. La squadra è molto più rara dopo l'introduzione del trattamento dell'ulcera gastrica e duodenali antiacidi non assorbibili e altri metodi terapeutici. Tuttavia, il crescente uso nel trattamento dell'osteoporosi, il carbonato di calcio porta ad una maggiore incidenza di questa sindrome. 1. latteo TEAM alcalina (. Ang LATTE-alcali SINDROME) - forme della malattia, i risultati clinici sono state descritte varie forme cliniche di sindrome latte-alcali: acuta, subacuta e cronica. La sindrome latteo-alcali forma cronica si chiama squadra Burnett. Tutte sono caratterizzate dalla presenza di ipercalcemia, alcalosi (alcalosi), e insufficienza renale. La sindrome Burnett è associata con la funzione di un danno renale irreversibile, e le unità acute sono reversibili se si capita di fermarsi da parte del paziente che consumano quantità eccessive di calcio e alcali assorbibile. 2. TEAM latteo-alcalina (ang LATTE-alcali SINDROME.) - Patogenesi ruolo importante nella patogenesi della sindrome latte-alcali gioca una sensibilità individuale - alcuni pazienti trattati con carbonato di calcio e agenti alcalini non si sviluppano mai sintomi. Una variabile elemento tra individui è una percentuale di assorbimento di calcio, a seconda del suo consumo. Alcune persone assorbe una parte significativa del calcio anche ad alto come il consumo di 2 g di calcio elementare al giorno (invece di diminuire l'assorbimento con il dosaggio più alto - come è il caso per la maggior parte delle persone). Resta inteso che in questi pazienti un lieve ipercalcemia postprandiale porta ad una maggiore escrezione di sodio e un certo grado di disidratazione. Questi fenomeni (tra cui la soppressione di endogena dell'ormone paratiroideo (PTH) causati da lieve ipercalcemia) portano a un aumento riassorbimento di bicarbonato e se si continua a consumare carbonato di calcio per lo sviluppo di alcalosi. Sam alcalosi migliora selettivamente il riassorbimento di calcio nel nefrone distale, esacerbando così ipercalcemia. Il ciclo sopra descritto perpetua e intensifica ipercalcemia e alcalosi, finché il paziente mangia calcio assorbibile e composti alcalini. 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